Z-scores represent a crucial function in Lean Six Sigma by providing a consistent measure of how far a data point departs from the mean. Essentially, they transform raw data into meaningful units, allowing for accurate analysis and problem-solving. A positive Z-score indicates a value above the mean, while a negative Z-score signifies a value below

The Initiate phase of a Lean Six Sigma project lays the groundwork for success. In this case study, we analyze how a manufacturing company employed the Define phase to isolate inefficiencies in their production process. A cross-functional team was formed consisting of representatives from different departments, including operations, quality contro